Leaf anatomy during leaf development of photoautotrophically in vitro-grown tobacco plants as affected by growth irradiance |
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Authors: | B. Radochová I. Tichá |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ví deòská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic;(2) Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinièná 5, CZ-12844 Prague, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were cultured in vitro photoautotrophically at three levels of irradiance (PAR 400–700 nm): low (LI, 60 μmol m−2 s−1), middle (MI, 180 μmol m−2 s−1) and high (HI, 270 μmol m−2 s−1). Anatomy of the fourth leaf from bottom was followed during leaf development. In HI and MI plants, leaf area expansion started earlier as compared to LI plants, and both HI and MI plants developed some adaptations of sun species: leaves were thicker with higher proportion of palisade parenchyma to spongy parenchyma tissue. Furthermore, in HI and MI plants palisade and spongy parenchyma cells were larger and relative abundance of chloroplasts in parenchyma cells measured as chloroplasts cross-sectional area in the cell was lower than in LI plants. During leaf growth, chloroplasts crosssectional area in both palisade and spongy parenchyma cells in all treatments considerably decreased and finally it occupied only about 5 to 8 % of the cell cross-sectional area. Thus, leaf anatomy of photoautotrophically in vitro cultured plants showed a similar response to growth irradiance as in vivo grown plants, however, the formation of chloroplasts and therefore of photosynthetic apparatus was strongly impaired. |
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Keywords: | KeywordHeading" >Additional chloroplast epidermis growth irradiance leaf thickness leaf ontogeny palisade parenchyma spongy parenchyma |
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