云锡矿粉诱发大鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变的研究

云南锡业公司矿工的肺癌发病率高,矿尘中的砷,铁,铅等金属的潜在致癌性已引起了重视(张辅铭等,1985;云南锡业公司劳动防护研究所,华北辐射防护研究所,1982;云锡劳研所流行病室,1982;孙来华等,1986)。鉴于物质的致癌性与致突变性之间有一定的相关性,我们选用5种云锡矿粉,4种金属化合物,研究它们对大鼠骨髓细胞的遗

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION ON CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS OF BONE MARROW CELLS OF RATS INDUCED BY YUNNAN TIN ORE POWDER

The potential carcinogenicity of arsenic, iron and lead etc. in Yunnan tin ore powder has long attracted attention.In view of the interrelation between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity we selected five kinds of Yunnan tin ore powder and four kinds of metallic compound to study their effects on chromosomes of bone marrow cells in Wistar rats.The results of the experiments have shown that the rate of chromosomal aberrations on bone marrow cells of rats in control group was 0-0.5%; but the rates of chromosomal aberrations induced with five kinds of Yunnan tin ore powder and four kinds of metallic compound were increased in varying degrees (to see table 2). Most of the tin ore powder examined contains arsenic, the carcinogenicity of arsenic has been known by large scale epidemiological investigation and clinical sduty. For example, the lung cancer on golden hamsters has been induced successfully with smeltery chimney dust (containing arsenic) and tin ore powder of Yunnan Tin Mine in Kunming Medical College (1983). The experiment of inducing lung cancer on rats with Yunnan tin ore powder containing arsenic has also meeted with success in Institute of Labour Protection Yunnan Tin Mine Co. (1983). The present data have shown that arsenic and compounds containing arsenic Were muta-genic to bacteria, plants, mammals and human beings. Experimental results of mammals in vivo are identical with the results reported in literature.In all process from mining to smelting in Yunnan Tin Mine Co. the cooperative pollution of lead and arsenic was existing universally. Chromosomal aberration induced by tin ore powder, besides the arsenic effect, probably was in connection with cooperative effect of metals of arsenic and lead etc.Experimental results have shown that tin anhydride and ferric oxide could also induce chromosomal aberrations on bone marrow cells of rats. Tin anhydride had obviously restricting effect to mitoses on bone marrow cells.