Osmotic stress induces gut microbiota community shift in fish |
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Authors: | Keng Po Lai Xiao Lin Nathan Tam Jeff Cheuk Hin Ho Marty Kwok-Shing Wong Jie Gu Ting Fung Chan William Ka Fai Tse |
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Institution: | 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004 China;2. School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;3. Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;4. Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa City, Chiba, 277-8564 Japan;5. Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000 China;6. Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan |
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Abstract: | Alteration of the gut microbiota plays an important role in animal health and metabolic diseases. However, little is known with respect to the influence of environmental osmolality on the gut microbial community. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the reduction in salinity affects the gut microbiota and identify its potential role in salinity acclimation. Using Oryzias melastigma as a model organism to perform progressive hypotonic transfer experiments, we evaluated three conditions: seawater control (SW), SW to 50% sea water transfer (SFW) and SW to SFW to freshwater transfer (FW). Our results showed that the SFW and FW transfer groups contained higher operational taxonomic unit microbiota diversities. The dominant bacteria in all conditions constituted the phylum Proteobacteria, with the majority in the SW and SFW transfer gut comprising Vibrio at the genus level, whereas this population was replaced by Pseudomonas in the FW transfer gut. Furthermore, our data revealed that the FW transfer gut microbiota exhibited a reduced renin–angiotensin system, which is important in SW acclimation. In addition, induced detoxification and immune mechanisms were found in the FW transfer gut microbiota. The shift of the bacteria community in different osmolality environments indicated possible roles of bacteria in facilitating host acclimation. |
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