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The role of reactive oxygen species in the virulence of wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina |
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| Authors: | Xiben Wang Mingzhe Z Che Hala B Khalil Brent D McCallum Guus Bakkeren Christof Rampitsch Barry J Saville |
| Institution: | 1. Morden Research & Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, Manitoba, R6M 1Y5 Canada;2. Morden Research & Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, Manitoba, R6M 1Y5 Canada
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, People's Republic of China;3. Summerland Research & Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, V0H 1Z0 Canada Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Postal code, Cairo, 11241 Egypt;4. Summerland Research & Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, V0H 1Z0 Canada;5. Forensic Science Program Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8 Canada |
| Abstract: | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role during host–pathogen interactions and are often an indication of induced host defence responses. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that Puccinia triticina (Pt) generates ROS, including superoxide, H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals, during wheat infection. Through pharmacological inhibition, we found that ROS are critical for both Pt urediniospore germination and pathogenic development on wheat. A comparative RNA-Seq analysis of different stages of Pt infection process revealed 291 putative Pt genes associated with the oxidation–reduction process. Thirty-seven of these genes encode known proteins. The expressions of five Pt genes, including PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR, PtCat and PtSod, were subsequently verified using RT-qPCR analysis. The results show that the expressions of PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR, PtCat and PtSod are up-regulated during urediniospore germination. In comparison, the expressions of PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR and PtCat are down-regulated during wheat infection from 12 to 120 h after inoculation (HAI), whereas the expression of PtSod is up-regulated with a peak of expression at 120 HAI. We conclude that ROS are critical for the full virulence of Pt and a coordinate down-regulation of PtNox genes may be important for successful infection in wheat. |
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