Maternal–fetal transmission of SIV in macaques: Disseminated adenovirus infection in an offspring with congenital SIV infection

To develop a nonhuman primate model for maternal–fetal transmission of HIV infection, we have inoculated pregnant Macaca nemestrina with uncloned SIV_Mne. Three animals inoculated during the third trimester delivered healthy infants. One of the three infants, a male born 31 days after the mother was inoculated with SIV, became virus-positive but failed to produce SIV-specific antibody and died with overt simian immunodeficiency and disseminated adenovirus (SV20) infection at age six and one-half months. SIV and adenovirus antigen could be demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in multiple organ systems.