Promoting branching of a potential biofuel crop <Emphasis Type="Italic">Jatropha curcas</Emphasis> L. by foliar application of plant growth regulators |
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Authors: | Hafiz A Abdelgadir Steven D Johnson Johannes Van Staden |
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Institution: | (1) Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa;(2) School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa |
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Abstract: | Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) has the potential to become a key biofuel crop. Manual pruning (MP) is one of the major management practices
in commercial plantations of this crop, resulting in production of more branches and thus increased potential for more inflorescences
leading to a higher seed yield. However, this method is time-consuming, labour-intensive and expensive. This study was conducted
to determine the potential of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) to increase the number of lateral branches of J. curcas. A single foliar application of N
6-benzyladenine (BA) at 12 mM significantly increased branches in both the pot (4.0) and field (13.2) trials compared to MP
(1.8 and 5.7, respectively) and control (no new branches) plants. In the field, a single foliar application of 1.0 mM 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic
acid (TIBA) resulted in a significant increment in the number of branches (15.9) after 7 months. Of all the PGRs examined,
2,3:4,6-di-O-isopropylidene-2-keto-l-gluconic acid (dikegulac; DK) at 2.0 mM produced the maximum number of branches (18.0) in the field 7 months after application.
Concentrations of 2.0 and 3.0 mM of 1,2-dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione (maleic hydrazide; MH) significantly increased the number
of branches, 4 and 7 months after spraying in both the pot trial in the shade house and field, respectively. Under field conditions,
J. curcas plants responded better to all the PGRs (DK < TIBA < BA < MH) when treated once, with insignificant variations in other growth
parameters. This study indicates that a single foliar application of PGRs under field conditions can be an alternative method
to MP for increasing the number of lateral branches of J. curcas. |
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Keywords: | Chemical pruning Dikegulac Jatropha Lateral branching Maleic hydrazide Manual pruning TIBA |
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