Gag-specific CD4+ T-cell frequency is inversely correlated with proviral load and directly correlated with immune activation in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) but not HIV-1 |
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Authors: | Foxall Russell B Cortesão Catarina S Albuquerque Adriana S Soares Rui S Victorino Rui M M Sousa Ana E |
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Institution: | Russell B. Foxall, Catarina S. Cortesão, Adriana S. Albuquerque, Rui S. Soares, Rui M. M. Victorino, and Ana E. Sousa |
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Abstract: | Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection, unlike HIV-1 infection, is normally characterized by low rates of CD4 depletion and low-to-undetectable viremia. We found that the frequency of Gag-specific CD4+ T cells featured positive correlations with the expression of markers of CD4 activation and a negative correlation with peripheral blood mononuclear cell-associated proviral load in infection with HIV-2, in contrast with HIV-1. Moreover, HIV-2-infected individuals exhibited a greater ability to respond to HIV-1 Gag peptides (heterologous responses). Our data suggest a potential link between HIV-2-specific CD4 responses, immune activation, and viral control, which may in turn relate to the better prognosis associated with HIV-2 infection. |
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