Changes in ripening-related processes in tomato conditioned by the alc mutant |
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Authors: | M Mutschler M Guttieri S Kinzer D Grierson G Tucker |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Cornell University, 14853 Ithaca, NY, USA;(2) Department of Physiology and Envir. Science, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, UK;(3) Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, UK |
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Abstract: | Summary The alc mutation affects the ripening and storability of tomato fruit. The alteration of fruit color in alc lines is due to a reduction in total pigment and a reduction in lycopene relative to total carotinoids. Polygalacturonase (PG) activity is reduced to less than 5% of normal, and the isozymes PG2a and PG2b are absent in alc fruit. The level of anti-PG precipitable proteins is also reduced to less than 5% of normal. Total polyA + mRNA is not significantly reduced in ripening alc fruit, but hybridization of polyA + mRNA to different ripening-related cDNA clones showed that specific mRNAs are present at reduced levels in the mutant. Specific mRNA levels were reduced to 10%–80% of normal levels, depending on the cDNA clone used as the probe. PG mRNA was present at 5%–10% of the normal level.All effects of alc on fruit ripening are relived in the line Alcobaca-red, which arose spontaneously from the original alc line, Alcobaca. The Alcobaca-red trait segregates as a single dominant trait at or very near the alc locus, and it is probably the result of a reverse mutation at the alc locus.The chromosomal locations of regions homologous to 5 ripening-related cDNA probes were determined. Regions homologous to 4 of these probes map to chromosomes other than chromosome 10, indicating that the effects of alc are transactive. A cDNA clone for PG was homologous to only one chromosomal region. This region is located on chromosome 10, which is also the chromosome on which alc and nor are located. |
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Keywords: | Lycopersicon esculentum Alcobaca mRNA fruit ripening |
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