The level of BMP4 signaling is critical for the regulation of distinct T-box gene expression domains and growth along the dorso-ventral axis of the optic cup |
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Authors: | Hourinaz Behesti James KL Holt Jane C Sowden |
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Institution: | (1) Developmental Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK |
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Abstract: | Background Polarised gene expression is thought to lead to the graded distribution of signaling molecules providing a patterning mechanism
across the embryonic eye. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) is expressed in the dorsal optic vesicle as it transforms into the optic cup. Bmp4 deletions in human and mouse result in failure of eye development, but little attempt has been made to investigate mammalian
targets of BMP4 signaling. In chick, retroviral gene overexpression studies indicate that Bmp4 activates the dorsally expressed Tbx5 gene, which represses ventrally expressed cVax. It is not known whether the Tbx5 related genes, Tbx2 and Tbx3, are BMP4 targets in the mammalian retina and whether BMP4 acts at a distance from its site of expression. Although it is
established that Drosophila Dpp (homologue of vertebrate Bmp4) acts as a morphogen, there is little evidence that BMP4 gradients are interpreted to create domains of BMP4 target gene
expression in the mouse. |
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