Compact callus cluster suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus with enhanced indole alkaloid biosynthesis |
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Authors: | Jian Zhao Wei-Hua Zhu Qiu Hu Ying-Qing Guo |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China;(2) Present address: Laboratory of Wood Chemistry, Department of Forest Products Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 812-8581 Fukuoka, Japan |
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Abstract: | Summary Compact callus clusters showing a certain level of cellular or tissue differentiation were established from Catharanthus roseus stem and leaf explants in a modified MS liquid induction medium supplemented with 5.37 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 4.65 μM kinetin. In the induction medium most leaf explants developed into friable half-closed hollow callus clusters, whereas in
the same medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid instead of α-naphthaleneacetic acid, most leaf explants were induced
to form dispersed cell suspension cultures. Characteristics of these different types of suspension cultures were compared,
and the results showed that the compact callus clusters could synthesize indole alkaloids 1.9- and 2.4-fold higher than the
half-closed hollow callus clusters and dispersed cell cultures, respectively. The degree of compaction expressed by the ratio
of fresh weight to dry weight of these suspension cultures was correlated to indole alkaloid production. Our studies also
postulated that the level of cellular/tissue differentiation might be responsible for these different alkaloid synthesis capabilities.
Sucrose regime affected some properties (the size, degree of compaction, differentiation level) of the compact callus cluster
cultures and therefore influenced alkaloid production. |
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Keywords: | periwinkle compact callus cluster differentiation ajmalicine catharanthine serpentine |
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