Bioactive triterpene glycosides from the fruit of Stauntonia hexaphylla and insights into the molecular mechanism of its inflammatory effects |
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Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;2. Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices Research (NPFPC), Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, 200000, China;3. Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jing Zhou, China |
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Abstract: | Chromatography of the ethanol extract of the medicinal fruit Stauntonia hexaphylla resulted in the purification of 26 compounds (1–26), including two undescribed triterpene saponins 1 and 2 (hexaphylosides A and B). Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data, including IR, HR QTOF MS, 1H, 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and TOCSY, and HPLC sugar analysis after acid hydrolysis. The anti-inflammatory effects of the high-purity constituents (1–26) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells were investigated by screening nitric oxide production. The NO inhibitory activity of compounds 6 and 10 with the IC50 values of 1.33 and 1.10 µM, respectively. The structure-activity relationships (SAR) of the isolated compounds were also analyzed. Furthermore, compounds 6 and 10 inhibited the protein expression inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 via Western blotting analysis. This showed that compounds 6 and 10 contributed to the anti-inflammatory effects of S. hexaphylla fruit, which could be developed as a natural nutraceutical and functional food ingredient. |
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Keywords: | Inflammation Triterpene saponins Hexaphyloside A Hexaphyloside B |
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