Clinical biomarkers in sickle cell disease |
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| Authors: | Ghazi A Damanhouri Jummanah Jarullah Samy Marouf SI Hindawi Gohar Mushtaq Mohammad A Kamal |
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| Institution: | aHematology Research Lab, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;bKing Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;cDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;dMetabolomics and Enzymology Unit, Fundamental and Applied Biology, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder caused by a single gene. Various blood and urine biomarkers have been identified in SCD which are associated with laboratory and medical history. Biomarkers have been proven helpful in identifying different interconnected disease-causing mechanisms of SCD, including hypercoagulability, hemolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, vasculopathy, reperfusion injury and reduced vasodilatory responses in endothelium, to name just a few. However, there exists a need to establish a panel of validated blood and urine biomarkers in SCD. This paper reviews the current contribution of biochemical markers associated with clinical manifestation and identification of sub-phenotypes in SCD. |
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| Keywords: | Biomarkers Polymerization Sickle cell disease Vaso-occlusion Reticulocytes count Hypercoagulability |
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