Biosugar Production from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gracilaria verrucosa</Emphasis> with Sulfamic Acid Pretreatment and Subsequent Enzymatic Hydrolysis

In this study, sulfamic acid-catalyzed pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted to produce biosugar from the marine macro-alga Gracilaria verrucosa. Sulfamic acid has dual active sites and is a green catalyst. Optimized sulfamic acid pretreatment at 130°C with 7.5% biomass and 100 mM sulfamic acid for 90 min yielded 39.9% total reducing sugar (TRS). Subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis yielded 69.1% TRS. These results indicate the potential of sulfamic acidcatalyzed pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis in producing biosugars using a biorefinery process.