Cotton ovule culture: A tool for basic biology, biotechnology and cotton improvement |
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Authors: | Barbara A Triplett |
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Institution: | (1) Cotton Fiber Bioscience Research, Southern Regional Research Center, USDA ARS, P.O. Box 19687, 70179 New Orleans, Louisiana |
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Abstract: | Summary Nearly 30 years ago the conditions for culturing immature cotton ovules were established to serve as a working research tool
for investigating the physiology and biochemistry of fiber development. Not only has this tissue culture method been employed
to characterize the biochemistry of plant cell expansion and secondary cell wall synthesis, but ovule cultures have contributed
to numerous other aspects of plant cell physiology and development as well. In addition to basic studies on fiber development,
cotton ovule cultures have been used to examine plant-fungal interactions, to model low temperature stress responses, to elucidate
the pathways responsible for pigment formation in naturally pigmented fiber and to probe how cytoskeletal elements regulate
cell wall organization. Success in rescuing Gossypium interspecific hybrids was dependent on ovule culture media formulations that could support early embryo development in ovulo. As tissues produced in culture are analyzed by increasingly more sophisticated techniques, there appear to be some differences
between ovule growth in planta and ovule growth in vitro. Discerning how ovule culture fiber development is different from fiber development in field-grown plants can contribute
valuable information for crop improvement. Cotton ovule cultures are an especially attractive model system for studying the
effects of gravity on cell elongation, cellulose biosynthesis and embryo development and are excellent targets for examining
transient expression of introduced gene constructs. With only minor modification, the procedure originally described by C.
A. Beasley and I. P. Ting for growing cotton ovules in vitro will continue to be useful research tool for the foreseeable future. |
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Keywords: | cellulose cell wall cotton fiber cottonseed embryo Gossypium |
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