多花黄精和安徽黄精叶片发育的比较解剖学研究

对多花黄精(Polygonatum cyrtonema)和安徽黄精(P.anhuiense)不同发育时期的叶片进行了比较解剖学研究。结果表明:(1)在叶片发育过程中,气孔器指数都是由低到高,达到最高值后再逐渐降低并趋于稳定;(2)叶片长宽比在发育过程中都呈上升趋势,且与叶片形状之间有一定的相关性,叶片长宽比与表皮细胞长宽比之间没有明显的相关性;(3)两者叶片的上下表皮细胞的发育方式基本一致,都是由表皮细胞进行横向和径向生长的过程;(4)在叶片的分化过程中,首先分化出来的是表皮,其次是叶肉,最后是叶脉;(5)多花黄精的叶缘在发育早期叶肉中有大型薄壁细胞出现,但叶片成熟时,大型薄壁细胞消失或继续保存,而安徽黄精在整个发育过程中,叶肉中都未见大型薄壁细胞出现。该研究为黄精属互生叶类和轮生叶类植物的叶片发育研究积累了实验资料。

Comparative Anatomy of Leaf Development in Polygonatum cyrtonema and P. anhuiense

The different developmental phases of leaves in Polygonatum cyrtonema and P.anhuiense are studied in this paper.The results are as follows:(1) Stomatal apparatus indexes are both from low to high,when reach to max,then gradually reduce to stabilization.(2) The tendency of length and width ratio of leaf in both P.cyrtonema and P.anhuiense are going up,and which has relativity with leaf shape,but there is no any obvious relativity in length and width ratio of leaf and epidermis cell.(3) The styles of development of leaf epidermis are the same,which are the processes of growth in width and length.(4) In the process of leaf differentiation,the first emergency is epidermis,then mesophyll,at last is vein.(5) The leaf margin of P.cyrtonema have many big parenchyma cells in mesophyll at the early developmental stage,then disappeared or continue existed when leaf mature,but in P.anhuiense,there is no big parenchyma cell appear in all developmental processes.Those studies accumulate experimental data for studies on leaf development of whorled leaf and alternate leaf in Polygonatum Mill.