耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的分析医院耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的分布及耐药情况，为临床治疗金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染提供科学依据。方法对618株金黄色葡萄球菌进行常规鉴定，用K—B法对其进行药敏试验。结果5年MRSA的平均检出率为51．9％（321／618），MRSA感染高发主要科室为ICU、神经外科、神经内科，MRSA检出率前三位的科室为神经外科（84．1％）、ICU（76．3％）、呼吸内科（61．3％），标本来源主要为痰液，占67．3％，检出率82．4％。MRSA对万古霉素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺保持100％敏感，对氯霉素、米诺环素、复方新诺明等的耐药率较低，对其他药物都保持了65％以上的高耐药率。结论对重点科室监控，合理使用抗生素，严格执行无菌操作，采取有效的消毒隔离，尽量减少侵袭性操作等措施是控制并减少MRSA感染的重要环节。

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains

Objective To investigate clinical distribution and drug resistance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains,and offer scientific basis for clinical treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection in hospitals.Method All 618 pathogenic bacteria strains isolated were identified and drug susceptibility tests were performed by using K-B methods.ResultsMRSA average detection rate was 51.9%(321/618) for 5 years.MRSA infection mainly happened in ICU,neurosurgery and neurology departments.The top 3 detection rates of MRSA in hospital were those of neurosurgery(84.1%),ICU(76.3%) and respiratory medicine department(61.3%).Sputum was the main source of specimens,accounting for 67.3%,with the MRSA detection rate of 82.4%.All the MRSA strains were sensitive to vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid,while showing lower resistance to chloramphenicol,minocycline and cotrimoxazole.More than 65% of them showed high resistance to other drugs.Conclusion It is essential to monitor key medical departments,use antibiotics rationally,implement aseptic technique strictly,adopt effective disinfection and isolation measures,and reduce invasive operations to prevent cross infection of MRSA in hospitals.