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A cloud-fog software architecture for dental CBCT dose monitoring using the DICOM structured report: Automated establishment of DRL
Institution:1. Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran;2. Health Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran;3. Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran;4. Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;5. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;1. Medical Physics, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu Cagliari, Italy;2. Interventional Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu Cagliari, Italy;1. Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin;2. Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin;3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin;4. Amanda Ciano is now an employee of GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois;1. Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Germany;2. Center for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, DIAKOVERE gmbh, Germany;3. Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA;1. Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland;2. Division of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland;1. Département de physique, de génie physique et d’optique et Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, Québec, Canada;2. Département de radio-oncologie et Axe Oncologie du CRCHU de Québec, CHU de Québec – Université Laval, QC, Canada;3. Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States;4. The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
Abstract:PurposeThe diagnostic reference level (DRL) has been established to optimize the diagnostic methods and reduce radiation dose during radiographic examinations. The aim of this study was to present a completely new solution based on Cloud-Fog software architecture for automatic establishment of the DRL values during dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) according to digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) structured reports.Methods and MaterialsA Cloud-Fog software architecture was used for automatic data handling. This architecture used the DICOM structured reports as a source for extracting the required information by fog devices in the imaging center. These devices transferred the derived information to the cloud server. The cloud server calculated the value of indication-based DRL in dental CBCT imaging based upon the parameters and adequate quantities of the absorbed dose. The feedback of DRL value was continuously announced to the imaging centers in 6 phases. In each phase, the level of the dose was optimized in imaging centers.ResultsThe DRL value was established for 5-specific indications, including third molar teeth (511 mGy.cm2), implant (719 mGy.cm2), form and position anomalies of the tooth (408 mGy.cm2), dentoalveolar pathologies (612 mGy.cm2), and endodontics (632 mGy.cm2). The determination of the DRL value in each phase revealed a downward trend until stabilization.ConclusionThe new solution presented in this study makes it possible to calculate and update the DRL value nationally and automatically among all centers. Also, the results showed that this approach is successful in establishing stabilized DRL values.
Keywords:Cone-beam computed tomography  Diagnostic reference level  Automatic data collection  Dose monitoring  Radiation safety
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