A lonely dot on the map: Exploring the climate signal in tree-ring density and stable isotopes of clanwilliam cedar,South Africa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, 1215 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States;2. UGent-Woodlab, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium;3. Ghent University Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000, Gent, Belgium;4. Forest Is Life, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium;5. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, HW Pearson Building, University Ave N, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa;6. Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Box 870322, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35401, United States;1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E Box 2411, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium;2. Agency for Nature and Forests (ANB), Koning Albert II-laan 20 bus 8, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium;3. AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR 1092 Inra, AgroParisTech Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, 54000 Nancy, France;4. INRA, Centre de Nancy-Lorraine, UMR 1092 Inra, AgroParisTech Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), 54280 Champenoux, France;5. European Forest Insitute (EFI), Mediterranean Regional Office (EFIMED), Sant Pau World Heritage Site, Pabellon de Santa Victoria, S. Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;1. Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Ministry of Education), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China;2. College of Geography and Tourism, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China;3. Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 460 S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden;4. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland;5. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Rd4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand;6. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, China;7. Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;8. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, 111 Rigas Str., LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia;2. Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia;3. Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Eberswalder Chaussee 3a, D-15377 Waldsieversdorf, Germany;4. Department of Silviculture and Genetics of Forest Trees, Forest Research Institute, Braci Leśnej 3,05-090 Raszyn, Poland;1. Department of Geology and Geography, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;2. School of Geography, Development and Environment and Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;3. Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;4. School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia;1. Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic;2. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St., Andrews, UK |
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| Abstract: | Clanwilliam cedar (Widdringtonia cedarbergensis; WICE), a long-lived conifer with distinct tree rings in Cape Province, South Africa, has potential to provide a unique high-resolution climate proxy for southern Africa. However, the climate signal in WICE tree-ring width (TRW) is weak and the dendroclimatic potential of other WICE tree-ring parameters therefore needs to be explored. Here, we investigate the climatic signal in various tree-ring parameters, including TRW, Minimum Density (MND), Maximum Latewood Density (MXD), Maximum Latewood Blue Intensity (MXBI), and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) measured in WICE samples collected in 1978. MND was negatively influenced by early spring (October-November) precipitation whereas TRW was positively influenced by spring November-December precipitation. MXD was negatively influenced by autumn (April-May) temperature whereas MXBI was not influenced by temperature. Both MXD and MXBI were negatively influenced by January-March and January-May precipitation respectively. We did not find a significant climate signal in either of the stable isotope time series, which were measured on a limited number of samples. WICE can live to be at least 356 years old and the current TRW chronology extends back to 1564 CE. The development of full-length chronologies of alternative tree-ring parameters, particularly MND, would allow for an annually resolved, multi-century spring precipitation reconstruction for this region in southern Africa, where vulnerability to future climate change is high. |
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| Keywords: | Minimum density (MND) Maximum latewood density (MXD) Maximum latewood blue intensity (MXBI) Stable isotopes South Africa Widdringtonia cedarbergensis X-ray Computed micro tomography (X-ray CT) |
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