Plastic bimodal growth in a Mediterranean mixed-forest of Quercus ilex and Pinus halepensis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;2. Dept. Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ. Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain;1. Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain;2. Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain;3. The Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA;4. Forest Resources Unit, CITA & IA2, Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain;1. Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;2. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 Boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada;1. Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic;2. Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic;3. Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic;4. Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyj Prospect 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russia;5. Department of xylogenesis and biomass allocation, Domain of environmental effects on terrestrial ecosystems, Czechglobe - Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 4a, 60300, Brno, Czech Republic;1. CEF – Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;2. CFE – Centre for Functional Ecology – Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;3. Ecofield, Monitorizações, Estudos e Projetos, LDA, Carcavelos, Portugal;1. Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;2. The Earth Institute, Tree-ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;3. BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France;4. Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Via de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;1. Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid - INIA, Avda. Madrid, s/n, 34004, Palencia, Spain;2. Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Recursos Forestales, ETS de Ingenierías Agrarias. Universidad de Valladolid, Palencia, Spain;3. Department of Agroforestry Sciences, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, University of Huelva, Campus Universitario de La Rábida, Palos de la Frontera, 21819, Huelva, Spain;4. Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain;5. Department of Silviculture and Forest Management, INIA, Forest Research Centre, Ctra.A Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Mediterranean tree species have evolved to face seasonal water shortages, but may fail to cope with future increases in drought frequency and intensity. We investigated stem radial increment dynamics in two typical Mediterranean tree species, Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis), a drought-avoiding species, and holm oak (Quercus ilex), a drought-tolerant species, in a mixed forest and on contrasting slope aspects (south- and north-facing). Intra- and inter-annual growth patterns were modelled using the VS-Lite2 model for each tree species and slope-aspect. Both species showed a bimodal growth pattern, with peaks coinciding with favourable conditions in spring and autumn. A bimodal growth pattern is always observed in P. halepensis, while in Q. ilex is facultative, which suggests different strategies adopted by these species to cope with summer drought. More specifically, trees on south-facing slope showed a more evident bimodal pattern and more intra-annual density fluctuations. In recent decades, the intensity of both growth peaks has diminished and drifted away due to the increased summer drought. The VS-Lite2 model reveals a niche partitioning between both species. Differences in growing season’s length and timings of growth peaks in both species are relevant for their coexistence and should be considered for estimating mixed-forest responses under climate change scenarios. |
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| Keywords: | Growing season IADFs Radial increment Tree-growth model Vaganov-Shashkin model |
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