牛蒡根际土壤致害菌Fusarium solani分离鉴定

目的：探索牛蒡根际镰刀菌与牛蒡之间的相互关系。方法：从全国30个地区采集牛蒡根际土壤样品,进行了根际土壤真菌数量和群落的生态学研究,测定镰刀菌发酵液对牛蒡幼苗和牛蒡子萌发的影响,并对其中毒性最强的两株镰刀菌F130和F131进行了形态学和分子生物学的鉴定。结果：镰刀菌为牛蒡根际的最优势类群,贡献率为34.297%,其次为木霉,贡献率为22.519%;绝大多数镰刀菌对牛蒡有明显的毒性作用,其中F130和F131被鉴定为Fusarium solani。结论：Fusarium solani是牛蒡根际土壤中的致害菌。

Isolation and Identification of the Fusarium solani of Virulence in the Arctium lappa L. Rhizosphere

Objective: To demonstrate the relationship between Fusarium from Arctium lappa L.rhizosphere soils and Arctium lappa L.Method: The thirty Arctium lappa L.rhizosphere soils were randomly collected from different areas in China.Fungal community and its dominant population of Arctium lappa L.rhizosphere were studied.And seedlings and seeds of Arctium lappa L.were treated with Fusarium strains fermentation broth.Then the most toxic Fusarium strains F130 and F131 have been identified using the method of morphology and phylogenetic analysis of the 5.8S gene and flanking internal transcribed spacer(ITS1 and ITS2) regions of nrDNA.Result: The dominant populations of Arctium lappa L.rhizosphere soils were Fusarium and Trichotderm.These Fusarium strains which were almost deleterious to the growth of Arctium lappa L.were found,and the strains F130 and F131 belonged to Fusarium solani.Conclusion: The Fusarium solani from Arctium lappa L.rhizosphere soils are harmful to Arctium lappa L.