山东汉族成人的Heath-Carter法体型研究

应用HeathCarter人体测量法对1001名（男502名，女499名）年龄在20—88岁间的山东省青州和临朐两县市的城乡汉族（以下简称山东汉族）进行了体型评定。结果是：（1）山东汉族男性的平均体型值为44—48—17（城4.6—4.7—1.5，乡4.2—4.8—1.8），属内胚层-中胚层均衡型体型；各年龄组中以内胚层-中胚层均衡体型、偏内胚层的中胚层体型及偏中胚层的内胚层体型为主。女性的平均体型值为5.7—4.2—1.4（城5.8—4.2—1.3，乡5.6—4.2—1.4），属偏中胚层的内胚层体型；各年龄组中以偏中胚层的内胚层体型及内胚层-中胚层均衡体型为主。（2）随着年龄的增长，男（20—44岁）女（20—54岁）性内、中因子值上升，外因子值下降。城乡男女以30岁为体型分界点，表现为30岁前后的体型差异。（3）汉族成年人体型存在显著性性别差异，但无城乡差异。（4）山东汉族男性与蒙古族及加拿大样本人群的平均体型相类似；女性平均体型介于鄂温克族、鄂伦春族、达斡尔族和蒙古族样本人群的平均体型之间。

STUDY ON THE SOMATOTYPE OF HAN NATIONALITY OF SHANDONG PROVINCE WITH THE HEATH-CARTER ANTHROPOMETRIC METHOD

The adult somatotypes of 1001 persons (M502, F499) aged 20 —88 of Han Nationality of Shandong Province were studied by the Heath-Carter somatotyping method on August and September, 2000. The mean somatotype in the male falls in Endo-mesomorph category (4. 4 —4. 8 —1. 7), with the urban average 4. 6 —4. 7 —1. 5 and the rural 4. 2 —4. 8 —1. 8, while that of the female, Meso-Endom- orph category(5. 7 —4. 2 —1. 4), with the urban average 5. 8 —4. 2 —1. 3 and rural 5. 6 —4. 2 —1. 4. The main somatotypes of the male were Endo-Mesomorph, Endo. Mesomorph and Meso. Endomorph among the 13 somatotypes while those of the female were Meso. Endomorph and Endo-Mesomorph. The males differed from the females in the somatotypes. In both sexes with increasing age the values of En- domorph and Mesomorph were increased, while the values of Ectomorph decreased (male: 20 — 45years; female: 20 —55years). The somaotypes significantly changed after the age of 30 in urban males and in all the females. The somatotype means were 3. 9 —4. 3 —2. 3 (urban: 4.0 —4. 2 —2. 3 ; rural: 3. 7 —4. 5 —2. 3), 4. 7 —3. 3 —2. 4(urban: 4. 8 —3. 3 —2. 3 ;rural: 4. 5 —3. 4 —2. 4), 4. 6 — 4. 9 —1. 5 (urban: 4. 8 —4. 9 —1. 3 ;rural: 4. 4 —4. 9 —1. 7) and 6.0 —4. 5 —1.0 (urban: 6. 2 — 4. 6 —0. 9 ;rural:5. 9 —4. 5 —1. 1) in the males below the age of 30, the females below 30, the males over the age of 30 and the females over 30, respectively. There was no difference in the somatotypes between the urban and rural samples in the same sex and age group. Comparing the somatotype mean of Han nationality of Shandong Provence with that of the other 5 minorities of China and some foreign ethnic samples, we found that the male somatotype of Han is similar to those of the Mongol, Canada samples, while the female somatotype is similar to those of Mongol, Oroqen, Ewenki and Daur.