Protein Aggregation and Disaggregation in Cells and Development |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States;2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States;1. David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA;1. Neuroscience and Signalling Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. The Discovery CTR, University of Aveiro Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | Protein aggregation is a feature of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. However, regulated, often reversible, formation of protein aggregates, also known as condensates, helps control a wide range of cellular activities including stress response, gene expression, memory, cell development and differentiation. This review presents examples of aggregates found in biological systems, how they are used, and cellular strategies that control aggregation and disaggregation. We include features of the aggregating proteins themselves, environmental factors, co-aggregates, post-translational modifications and well-known aggregation-directed activities that influence their formation, material state, stability and dissolution. We highlight the emerging roles of biomolecular condensates in early animal development, and disaggregation processing proteins that have recently been shown to play key roles in gametogenesis and embryogenesis. |
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| Keywords: | biomolecular condensate amyloid chaperone ABCF gene family RuvBL gene family |
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