Structures of Native-like Nucleosomes: One Step Closer toward Understanding the Structure and Function of Chromatin |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA;2. ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research, Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP – 01140-070, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Física, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil;4. Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;1. Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylül University Health Campus, Balçova, Izmir 35330, Turkey;2. Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University Health Campus, Balçova, Izmir 35330, Turkey;3. Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Site Santé – Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France;1. Department of Chemistry, New York University, 1021 Silver, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA;2. Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;3. Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;4. Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;5. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;6. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain;7. Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China;8. CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China;9. New York University-East China Normal University Center for Computational Chemistry at New York University Shanghai, Room 340, Geography Building, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China;10. Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY, 10012, USA;1. Department of Chemistry and the Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, United States;2. Department of Physics and the Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, United States;1. Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;2. Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;4. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;1. Biophysics Program, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States;2. Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States |
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| Abstract: | Genomic DNA in eukaryotes is organized into chromatin through association with core histone proteins to form nucleosomes. To understand the structure and function of chromatin, we must determine the structures of nucleosomes containing native DNA sequences. However, to date, our knowledge of nucleosome structures is mainly based on the crystallographic studies of the nucleosomes containing non-native DNA sequences. Here, we discuss the technical issues related to the determination of the nucleosome structures and review the few structural studies on native-like nucleosomes. We show how an antibody fragment-aided single-particle cryo-EM can be a useful method to determine the structures of nucleosomes containing genomic DNA. Finally, we provide a perspective for future structural studies of some native-like nucleosomes that play critical roles in chromatin functions. |
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