北方典型沼泽湿地高低土壤水分下植物群落特征

北方沼泽湿地在水源供给、缓解水土流失、遏制草地沙化等方面具有重要作用，明确其植物群落物种组成和多样性特征对提升其生态系统服务功能具有重要意义。目前，在北方地区开展大尺度湿地植被调查的研究仍相对较少。土壤水分是驱动植物群落发展的主导环境因素之一，为了解高低土壤水分背景下湿地植物群落特征差异及关键驱动要素，对我国7个北方典型沼泽湿地的植物群落物种组成及多样性特征进行了调查，分析了植物群落物种组成及多样性特征与环境因子的关系，以及沼泽湿地植物群落内克隆植物的分布特征。研究结果发现不同沼泽湿地的植物群落物种组成和多样性差异显著，但无明显的地带性分布规律，物种分布呈现区域性。群落物种多样性受降水、温度、土壤养分等多种环境因素的共同影响。沼泽湿地高低土壤水分背景下植物群落的物种组成和多样性差异显著，低土壤水分下植物群落物种多样性指数显著高于高土壤水分下植物群落。低土壤水分下物种多样性主要受降水和总氮影响，而高土壤水分下物种多样性主要受温度和总磷的影响。高土壤水分下克隆植物物种数和盖度在沼泽湿地植物中占有较高的比例，表明克隆植物比非克隆植物更适应高土壤水分环境。研究结果表明了7个沼泽湿地植被的区域性...

Plant community characteristics under low and high soil moisture conditions in typical marsh wetlands in northern China

Marsh wetlands in northern China play an important role in controlling water resource supply, mitigating soil erosion, and curbing grassland desertification. It is of great significance to clarify the species composition and diversity characteristics of these plant communities to improve their ecosystem service function. However, few studies have been conducted to investigate large-scale wetland vegetation in northern China. Soil moisture is one of the leading environmental factors driving the development of plant communities. In this study, we aimed to understand the characteristics of plant communities and key drivers of seven typical marsh wetlands in northern China. The relationship between the species composition, diversity characteristics and environmental factors, and the distribution characteristics of clonal species of plant communities under low and high soil moisture conditions of these wetlands were compared. The enfluences of environmental factors on community characteristics and distribution characteristics of clonal species were analyzed. The results showed that the species composition and diversity of plant communities among these marsh wetlands were significantly different, but there was no obviously zonal distribution pattern. In these marsh wetlands, the species distribution was regional. The species diversity of the communities was influenced by combination of the environmental factors, such as precipitation, temperature, and soil nutrients. The species composition and diversity of plant communities in marsh wetlands differed significantly between high and low soil moisture conditions. The species diversity indices of plant communities under low soil moisture condition were significantly higher than those under high soil moisture condition. The redundancy analyses of species diversity and environmental factors showed that environmental factors at low soil moisture conditions explained 98.96% of the variation in species diversity, which was mainly influenced by precipitation and total nitrogen, while environmental factors at high soil moisture conditions explained 99.02% of the variation in species diversity, which was mainly influenced by temperature and total phosphorus. The number and coverage of clonal plant species accounted for a high proportion in marsh wetland plants under high soil moisture condition, indicating that clonal species were more adaptable to high soil moisture condition than non-clonal species. The results indicated the regional distribution characteristics of marsh wetland vegetation in northern China and the main influences by precipitation and temperature. With the increase of soil moisture, the diversity of plant communities decreased, but the importance of clonal plants increased. Therefore, future changes in precipitation and temperature may further influence the composition and diversity characteristics of vegetation in the region.