姜科植物的FTIR鉴别分类研究

红外光谱图峰形峰位大体一致,所含化学成分基本相同,是由碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类等生物大分子振动谱带构成。该研究采用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合聚类分析,对姜科植物姜亚科2族6属29种植物进行光谱测试,分析比较姜科同族不同属和同属不同种植物在红外谱图上表现出的差异。将1800~1000 cm-1进行二阶导数处理,并对差异较大的1750~1400、1200~1000 cm-1两个波段分别进行比较分析,用吸光度比值A1516/A3424、A1449/A3424来反映二苯基庚烷和姜辣素的相对含量,再将二阶导数据进行系统聚类。结果表明：姜科植物的主要化学成分姜辣素与二苯基庚烷类化合物的相对含量在族属间和属种间有差异,两种化合物的相对含量在同族不同属植物中差别很大,在同属不同种植物中大体一致；姜科植物的糖类化学成分以单糖和多糖为主；在族属级的水平分类中,2族6属姜科植物的分类与传统分类结果基本吻合,并从光谱角度建议心叶凹唇姜的族级分类应该深入研究。通过研究可知,傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合聚类分析法可以应用于姜科植物的分类。该研究结果为姜科植物的分类系统学提供了参考。

Discrimination of Zingiberaceae using FTIR spectroscopy

We measured ginger Zingiberaceae subfamily six species of two genera and 29 species of plants spectrum measurement with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and analysed and compared different genra of Zingiberaceae and different species of the same genus in the infrared spectrum picture. The combined with clustering analysis of. Infrared spectrum chart peak positions were basically the same, and the chemical composition were roughly the same. They were composed of carbohydrate, protein, lipid and other biological molecular vibration spectrum band. From 1 800 to 1 000 cm^-1 for second derivative conduction, the difference were mainly concentrated in 1 750-1 400, 1 200-1 000 cm^-1 region, the second derivative could increase the difference of spectral peaks, and improve the resolution of the spectrum. The 1 800-1 000 cm^-1 the second derivative processing, and the differences of the 1 750-1 400, 1 200-1 000 cm^-1 were compared. The absorbance ratios A₁₅₁₆/A₃₄₂₄ and A₁₄₄₉/A₃₄₂₄ were used to reflect the relative content of gingerols and diarylheptanoids, and then the data were analyzed and clustered. The results showed that relative contents of the main chemical constituents of the plant of gingerols and diarylheptanoids compounds in family and species were quite different; the relative contents were significantly different in different gera of the same group, but were similar in different species of the same genus plants. The chemical composition of the sugars in the plant of the ginger family were composed of many types of compounds, but mainly monosaccharides and polysaccharides. At the level of the family, the classification of six families and two genera of the family was in agreement with the results of the traditional classification, and from the point of view of the spectrum. It is suggested that the group level classification of B. longiflora should take the time, energy, and more information and further research in many aspects. It can be known that the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with clustering analysis method can be applied to the classification of Zingiberaceae. This study provides an academic value and a meaningful reference for the classificeation of ginger family.