平地无风条件下蒙古栎阔叶床层的火行为Ⅰ.蔓延速率影响因子与预测模型

以东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场蒙古栎次生林下的蒙古栎凋落叶片为材料，根据研究地区同类可燃物的野外条件，在实验室内构建了不同载量、高度和含水率的可燃物床层，进行100次平地无风条件下的点烧试验.结果表明：平地无风条件下蒙古栎阔叶床层的林火蔓延速率不超过0.5 m·min^-1；可燃物含水率、床层载量和高度对蒙古栎阔叶床层的林火蔓延速率具有显著影响；含水率对林火蔓延速率的影响与可燃物床层高度、载量等无显著关系，而可燃物床层高度对林火蔓延速率的影响与可燃物床层载量有关.可燃物床层压缩比对蒙古栎阔叶床层的林火蔓延速率影响不大.以可燃物含水率、床层载量和高度为预测因子的林火蔓延速率预测模型能解释83%的林火蔓延速率变差，模型的平均绝对误差为0.04 m·min^-1，平均相对误差不超过17%.

Fire behavior of Mongolian oak leaves fuel-bed under no-wind and zero-slope conditions. I. Factors affecting fire spread rate and modeling

Aimed to understand the fire behavior of Mongolian oak leaves fuel-bed under field condition, the leaves of a secondary Mongolian oak forest in Northeast Forestry University experimental forest farm were collected and brought into laboratory to construct fuel-beds with varied loading, height, and moisture content, and a total of 100 experimental fires were burned under no-wind and zero-slope conditions. It was observed that the fire spread rate of the fuel-beds was less than 0.5 m x min(-1). Fuel-bed loading, height, and moisture contents all had significant effects on the fire spread rate. The effect of fuel-bed moisture content on the fire spread had no significant correlations with fuel-bed loading and height, but the effect of fuel-bed height was related to the fuel-bed loading. The packing ratio of fuel-beds had less effect on the fire spread rate. Taking the fuel-bed loading, height, and moisture content as predictive variables, a prediction model for the fire spread rate of Mongolian oak leaves fuel-bed was established, which could explain 83% of the variance of the fire spread rate, with a mean absolute error 0.04 m x min(-1) and a mean relative error less than 17%.