小麦磷素利用效率的品种差异

通过土培盆栽试验，研究了小麦不同品种在低磷水平下生物量、磷浓度、磷素干物质生产效率及磷素籽粒生产效率的差异，以筛选磷高效利用小麦品种.结果表明：分蘖期、拔节期、扬花期和成熟期，供试小麦品种单株生物量的变幅分别为0.46～1.09、0.85～2.10、3.00～7.00和3.85～12.88 g，磷浓度变幅分别为2.21～4.26、2.38～4.42、2.44～4.96和1.30～5.09 mg·g^-1.随生育时期的推进，小麦磷素累积量、磷素干物质生产效率对生物量形成的影响程度呈减小趋势.分蘖期（CV=16.3%）、拔节期（CV=15.0%）、扬花期磷素干物质生产效率（CV=13.3%）和成熟期磷素籽粒生产效率（CV=20.5%）的品种差异较大.CD1158-7和省A3宜03-4具有较高的磷素干物质生产效率和磷素籽粒生产效率，而渝02321较低；不同生育时期高效品种磷浓度极显著低于低效品种，而高效品种CD1158-7和省A3宜03-4的籽粒产量分别是低效品种渝02321的1.98和1.78倍.

Differences in phosphorus utilization efficiency among wheat cultivars

A pot experiment was conducted to study the differences in the biomass, phosphorus concentration, phosphorus use efficiency for dry matter, and phosphorus use efficiency for grain yield among different wheat cultivars under low phosphorus supply, aimed to screen the wheat varieties with high phosphorus use efficiency. For the test cultivars, their biomass per plant at tillering, jointing, flowering, and maturing stages was 0.46-1.09, 0.85-2.10, 3.00-7.00, and 3.85-12.88 g, and their phosphorus concentration was 2.21-4.26, 2.38-4.42, 2.44-4.96, and 1.30-5.09 mg x g(-1), respectively. From tillering to maturing stages, the phosphorus accumulation in plant and the phosphorus use efficiency for dry matter displayed a decreasing effect on the biomass formation. Significant differences were observed in the phosphorus use efficiency for dry matter (tillering stage CV = 16.3%, jointing stage CV = 15.0%, and flowering stage CV = 13.3%) and in the phosphorus use efficiency for grain yield (maturing stage CV = 20.5%) among the cultivars. The cultivars CD1158-7 and Sheng A3 Yi 034 had higher phosphorus use efficiency for dry matter and phosphorus use efficiency for grain yield, while the Yu 02321 was in adverse. The phosphorus concentration in the cultivars with high phosphorus use efficiency was significantly lower than that in the cultivars with low phosphorus use efficiency, and the grain yield of CD1158-7 and Sheng A3 Yi 03-4 was 0.98 times and 0.78 times higher than that of Yu 02321.