Evidence for taxonomic and functional drift of an atrazine-degrading culture in response to high atrazine input |
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Authors: | Udikovi?-Koli? Nikolina Devers-Lamrani Marion Petri? Ines Hr?ak Dubravka Martin-Laurent Fabrice |
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Institution: | (1) Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;(2) INRA, Universite? de Bourgogne, Microbiologie du Sol et de l’Environnement, 17 rue Sully, B.P. 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | We evaluated the effects of variations in atrazine input on the evolution of a bacterial culture adapted to a low atrazine
concentration. This initial culture (M3-K) was subjected to weekly subculturing in the presence of a high concentration of
atrazine as the only N source (100 mg l−1). After four subculturing, M3-K evolved to a new bacterial culture (M3) which exhibited a significant increase in the extent
of atrazine mineralization in comparison with the initial culture. Molecular analyses of M3-K and M3 cultures by cloning,
restriction analysis, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes revealed significant differences in culture structure and composition.
M3-K culture comprised mainly Actinobacteria (40%), β-Proteobacteria (26%), and Bacteroidetes (16%). After exposure to a high atrazine concentration, the dominance of Actinobacteria decreased (14%), Bacteroidetes increased (27%), and β-Proteobacteria were replaced by γ-Proteobacteria (32%). Quantitative PCR revealed that the abundance of atzB and atzC genes relative to total bacteria decreased by a factor of 3–4 following the increase in atrazine concentration, while the
relative abundance of trzD increased significantly (≈400 times). Presented study shows that variations in atrazine input drive both functional and compositional
shifts in the atrazine-degrading bacterial culture. |
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