蛇毒合成的信号通路

蛇毒液产生的周期分为活跃期和静息期两个阶段,在这两个阶段中毒腺分泌细胞的形态学和生物化学方面存在着许多不同。蛇咬物排毒或人工取毒后其释放的去甲肾上腺素(noradrenaline,NE)是分泌细胞中合成毒液所必需的,其中分泌细胞的α肾上腺素能受体(α-adrenoceptor,α-AR)和β肾上腺素能受体(β-adrenoceptor,β-AR)参与了这个过程。本文简要介绍在毒液产生周期的不同阶段中分泌细胞的变化,重点阐述了刺激α-AR和β-AR在引起毒液合成开始时所介导的相关细胞信号通路。最后简单探讨了其它刺激蛇毒腺引起毒液产生的可能因素及其调控机制。

Research progress of cell signaling pathway during the onset of the snake venom production cycle

The snake venom production cycle includes an active stage and a quiescent stage.There are many morphological and biochemical differences of the secretory epithelium in these two stages.The release of noradrenaline after a bite or manual extraction plays an essential role in triggering the venom production cycle,and both α-and β-adrenoceptors of the venom secreting cells are involved in the venom production cycle.In this paper,the morphological and biochemical changes of the secreting cells in the different stages of venom production cycle were described,and the cell signaling pathway involved in the adrenoceptor-mediated activation of the venom production cycle were introduced.Finally,other factors which probably stimulate the snake venom gland to produce venom and the related mechanisms were discussed briefly.