Alterations in the rat forebrain apoptosis following exposure to ionizing radiation |
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Authors: | Soňa Bálentová Eva Hajtmanová Yvetta Mellová ?udmila Bo?elová Elena Fuseková Eva Ochodnická Marian Adamkov |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine,Comenius University,Martin,Slovakia;2.Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology,Martin University Hospital,Martin,Slovakia;3.Institute of Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine,Comenius University,Martin,Slovakia |
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Abstract: | Ionizing radiation commonly used in the radiotherapy of brain tumours can cause adverse side effects to surrounding normal
brain tissue. The most significant response of adult brain to radiation damage is induction of apoptosis. The adult mammalian
subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain lateral ventricles (LV) and their subsequent lateral ventricular extension, the rostral
migratory stream (RMS), is one of the few areas, which retains the ability to generate new neurons and glial cells throughout
life. Taking into account the fact, that ionizing radiation is one of the strongest exogenous factors affecting cell proliferation,
the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of radiation-induced apoptosis in this neurogenic region. Adult
male Wistar rats were investigated 1, 5 or 10 days after single whole-body gamma irradiation with the dose of 3 Gy. Apoptotic
cell death was determined by in situ labelling of DNA nick ends (TUNEL) and fluorescence microscopy evaluation of TUNEL-positive
cells. Considerable increase of apoptotic TUNEL-positive cells was observed 24 hrs after irradiation in caudal parts of RMS;
i.e. in the vertical arm and elbow of RMS. Initial increase was followed by strong reduction of apoptosis in the RMS and by
secondary over-accumulation of apoptotic cells in the animals that survived ten days after exposure. Results showed, that
the proliferating population of cells, arisen in SVZ are highly sensitive to radiation-induced apoptosis. This observation
should have implications for clinical radiotherapy to avoid complications in therapeutic brain irradiation. |
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