Effect of Cytokinins on Photosynthetic Pigments and Chlorophyllase Activity in in Vitro Cultures of Axillary Buds of Dianthus caryophyllus L. |
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Authors: | T. Genkov P. Tsoneva I. Ivanova |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1421 Sofia, Bulgaria, BG |
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Abstract: | The effect of benzyladenine (BA) and two phenylurea cytokinins, N-phenyl-N′-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)urea (4-PU-30) and thidiazuron (TDZ), on the growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and activity of chlorophyllase (chlorophyll-chlorophylliodhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.14) of in vitro cultures of carnations was studied. All cytokinins caused a rise in the fresh weigth and a drop in the dry weight of leaf mass produced by the explanted buds. Both 4-PU-30 and TDZ increased the chlorophyll content and this correlated with changes in chlorophyllase activity. The effect of 4-PU-30 and TDZ was similar to that caused by BA but at 10-fold or 100-fold lower concentrations. The application of higher concentrations of the phenylurea cytokinins caused an increase in the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio. However, at equimolar concentrations, the purine and both phenylurea cytokinins had opposite effects, probably indirect and related to some malformations caused by phenylureas. 4-PU-30 increased, but TDZ decreased, photosynthetic membrane stability, which argues for a different molecular organization of the chloroplast membranes. Received February 26, 1996; accepted May 30, 1997 |
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Keywords: | . Cytokinin— Chlorophyllase— Dianthus caryophyllus— Photosynthetic pigments |
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