The activation of glycolysis performed by the non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the model system

Influence of non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPN) on glycolysis was investigated. The addition of GAPN-which oxidizes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate directly to the 3-phosphoglyceric acid-led to the strong increase in the rate of lactate accumulation in the rat muscle extract with low ADP content. The lactate accumulation was also observed in the presence of GAPN in rat muscle extract, which contained only ATP and no ADP. This can be the evidence of the "futile cycle" stimulated by GAPN. Here ADP can be regenerated from ATP by the phosphoglycerate kinase reaction. The high resistance of GAPN from Streptococcus mutans towards inactivation by natural oxidant-H(2)O(2) was showed. This feature distinguishes GAPN from phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is very sensitive to modification by hydrogen peroxide. A possible role of the oxidants and non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the regulation of glycolysis is discussed.