中国地级区域高质量发展格局与影响因素

高质量发展战略对中国生态经济系统的运行提出了更高要求。当前对高质量发展的研究侧重经济子系统，对生态子系统和社会子系统的分析相对薄弱，且缺乏省级以下中微观尺度的分析。从经济质量、创新潜力、环境质量、生态安全、人民生活和城乡协调六个维度解析了高质量发展内涵，搜集了全国306个地级区域2018年的数据资料，构建地级区域高质量发展综合评价指标体系，定量测算了地级区域高质量发展指数，揭示了区域格局，考察了影响因素，识别了问题区域，并提出了发展质量提升策略。研究表明：(1)高质量发展指数存在明显的区域差异，东部地区和长江流域发展水平相对较高，东北地区和黄河流域发展水平相对较低。(2)经济质量、创新潜力和人民生活指数的均值相对较低，是高质量发展的薄弱环节。(3)高质量发展水平受到自然环境适宜性、城市等级和人口集聚、投资水平、交通区位、数字经济等因素的综合影响，且具有较强的空间溢出效应。(4)识别出8大类174个高质量发展的问题地市，分布在26个省区，在黄河流域和东北地区相对集中。最后，从制度建设、全国层面和具体区域层面探讨了高质量发展水平提升路径，可为制定区域发展战略和区域政策提供科学参考。

Spatial pattern and influencing factors of high-quality development of China at the prefecture level

The proposal of high-quality development strategy raises higher requirements for the comprehensive operation of the eco-economic system. Recent research on high-quality development focuses on the economic subsystem rather than the ecological subsystem or the social subsystem. Moreover, few studies focused on the comprehensive evaluation and spatial pattern of high-quality development of China at the prefecture level. Based on the multi-source data of 306 prefecture level regions in 2018, we first analyzed the connotation of high-quality development and established the indicator system from six dimensions of economic quality, innovation potential, environmental quality, ecological security, people''s livelihood, and urban-rural coordination. Then, we calculated the high-quality development index of prefecture level regions, revealed the regional pattern, analyzed the influencing factors, identified the problem areas, and put forward the path to improve the quality of development. The results show that:(1) the high-quality development indices vary significantly across different regions. The development level of the eastern region and the Yangtze River Basin is high, but the development level of the northeastern region and the Yellow River Basin is low. (2) The scores of economic quality, people''s livelihood, and innovation potential are low, which is the weak point of high-quality development. (3) The high-quality development has a solid spillover effect, and its comprehensive index is significantly related to the natural environment suitability, city hierarchy, population agglomeration, investment level, transport location, and digital economy. (4) Eight categories and 174 problem regions are identified, which are distributed in 26 provinces, and mainly concentrated in the Yellow River Basin and the Northeast China. Thus, we propose the promotion path of high-quality development from the system construction, national level, and specific regional level, which provides a scientific reference for formulating regional development strategies and policies.