雄安新区国土空间开发的生态系统服务价值响应特征

雄安新区国土空间开发导致土地利用产生显著变化，从而对区域生态系统产生重要影响。基于2014—2020年四期遥感影像，系统分析了雄安新区土地利用动态变化过程，进而定量估算了国土空间开发对区域生态系统服务价值的影响。最后，根据新区发展规划对新区未来(2035年和2050年)土地利用格局以及生态系统服务价值变化进行了预测和展望。结果表明：(1)2014—2020年，新区土地利用变化过程主要体现在建设用地(+79.85 km~2)、林地(+72.59 km~2)与水域(+54.01 km~2)的持续增加，耕地(-208.76 km~2)明显减少，新增建设用地与林地主要来自耕地转化，水域的增加主要来自白洋淀周边耕地的退化；(2)新区生态系统服务功能整体呈增强趋势，总生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem Service Values, ESV)增长4.51亿元，增幅最大的为美学景观(+39.41%)、水文调节(+32.77%)和原材料生产(+25.78%)功能，但食物生产服务功能价值下降明显(-10.78%);(3)ESV时空变化与土地利用呈现显著相关性，增加部分主要来自白洋淀区域建设用地向水域和...

Response characteristics of ecosystem services values in territorial space development of Xiong'an New Area

The development of land space of Xiong''an New Area led to significant changes in land use, which had an important impact on the regional ecosystem. Based on four remote sensing images in 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2020, this paper systematically analyzed the dynamic change process of land use of Xiong''an New Area. Subsequently, the impact of land space development on regional ecosystem service values (ESV) was quantitatively estimated. Finally, according to the development plan of Xiong''an New Area, combined with the road network and digital elevation model, the future land-use pattern and ESV changes were predicted and prospected using FLUS. The results showed that:(1) from 2014 to 2020, the land-use change of Xiong''an New Area was mainly reflected in the continuous increase of construction land (+56.80 km²), forestland (+72.59 km²) and water body (+54.01 km²), while the farmland (-208.76 km²) decreased significantly. And the newly added construction land and forestland chiefly came from the decrease of farmland,while the water body increase was largely due to the degradation of farmland around Baiyang Lake. (2) The total ESV of Xiong''an New Area was on a comprehensively increasing trend by 451 million yuan, with the most value increase of aesthetic landscape (+39.41%), hydrological regulation (+32.77%), and raw material production (+25.78%). But, the ability of food production had shown a strong downward trend (-10.78%). The increase was faster after the formal establishment. (3) The spatial and temporal changes of ESV were significantly correlated with land use. The increase mainly came from the value generated by the transformation of construction land to water body and to farmland in Baiyang Lake, while the decrease mainly came from the degradation of hydrological regulation and waste treatment function caused by the rapid expansion of construction land outside Baiyang Lake. (4) The forecast results based on the development plan showed that the land-use situation of Xiong''an New Area in 2035 and 2050 would be manifested in the expansion of construction land in north zone, the spread of forestland throughout the area, and the growth of Baiyang Lake. And then, there would be a substantial increase in the total ESV of 6.391 billion yuan and 6.831 billion yuan, respectively. The ecosystem quality would continue to improve. The research results were of great significance to accurately understand the dynamic characteristics of ESV in the process of land-use change, and could provide scientific auxiliary basis for the land spatial planning of Xiong''an New Area under ecological sustainable development.