Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice |
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Authors: | Subbarao Kanta McAuliffe Josephine Vogel Leatrice Fahle Gary Fischer Steven Tatti Kathleen Packard Michelle Shieh Wun-Ju Zaki Sherif Murphy Brian |
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Institution: | Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov |
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Abstract: | Following intranasal administration, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus replicated to high titers in the respiratory tracts of BALB/c mice. Peak replication was seen in the absence of disease on day 1 or 2, depending on the dose administered, and the virus was cleared within a week. Viral antigen and nucleic acid were detected in bronchiolar epithelial cells during peak viral replication. Mice developed a neutralizing antibody response and were protected from reinfection 28 days following primary infection. Passive transfer of immune serum to na?ve mice prevented virus replication in the lower respiratory tract following intranasal challenge. Thus, antibodies, acting alone, can prevent replication of the SARS coronavirus in the lung, a promising observation for the development of vaccines, immunotherapy, and immunoprophylaxis regimens. |
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