Current trends and future prospects of biotechnological interventions through tissue culture in apple |
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Authors: | Shammi Bhatti Gopaljee Jha |
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Institution: | (1) Biotechnology Division, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; |
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Abstract: | Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), which is a widely cultivated, important economic fruit crop with nutritive and medicinal importance, has emerged
as a model horticultural crop in this post-genomic era. Apple cultivation is heavily dependent on climatic condition and is
susceptible to several diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, etc. Extensive research work has been carried
out to standardize tissue culture protocols and utilize them in apple improvement. We review the in vitro shoot multiplication,
rooting, transformation and regeneration methodologies in apple and tabulate various such protocols for easy reference. The
utility and limitation of transgenesis in apple improvement have also been summarized. The concepts of marker-free plants,
use of non-antibiotic resistance selectable markers, and cisgenic and intragenic approaches are highlighted. Furthermore,
the limitations, current trends and future prospects of tissue culture-mediated biotechnological interventions in apple improvement
are discussed. |
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