Feedforward neural network with adaptive reference pattern layer.

A hybrid neural network architecture is investigated for modeling purposes. The proposed hybrid is based on the multilayer perceptron (MLP) network. In addition to the usual hidden layers, the first hidden layer is selected to be an adaptive reference pattern layer. Each unit in this new layer incorporates a reference pattern that is located somewhere in the space spanned by the input variables. The outputs of these units are the component wise-squared differences between the elements of a reference pattern and the inputs. The reference pattern layer has some resemblance to the hidden layer of the radial basis function (RBF) networks. Therefore the proposed design can be regarded as a sort of hybrid of MLP and RBF networks. The presented benchmark experiments show that the proposed hybrid can provide significant advantages over standard MLPs and RBFs in terms of fast and efficient learning, and compact network structure.