Genotoxic effects of rotenone on cultured lymphocytes |
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Authors: | de Lima Patrícia Danielle Lima Yamada Elizabeth Sumi da Costa Edmar Tavares Pessoa Claudia do O Rabenhorst Silvia Helena Barem Bahia Marcelo de Oliveira Cardoso Plínio Cerqueira Santos Raquel Alves Smith Marilia de Arruda Cardoso Burbano Rommel Rodríguez |
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Institution: | Laboratório de Citogenética Humana, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário Jo?o de Barros Barreto, Universidade do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil. |
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Abstract: | Rotenone is a heterocyclic compound widely used as an insecticide, acaricide and piscicide. Its toxicity is mainly caused by the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory processes and ATP production, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species can interact with DNA, RNA and proteins, leading to cell damage, followed by death. We used the Comet assay, and we analyzed chromosome aberrations, in order to evaluate the genotoxic and clastogenic effects of rotenone on the different phases of the cell cycle. Cultured human lymphocytes were treated with 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 microg/mL rotenone during the G1, G1/S, S (pulses of 1 and 6 h), and G2 phases of the cell cycle. Rotenone induced DNA damage and was clastogenic, but the clastogenicity was detected only with treatments conducted during the G1/S and S phases of the cell cycle. Rotenone also induced endoreduplication and polyploidy in treatments made during G1, while it significantly reduced the mitotic index in all phases of the cell cycle. |
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