人类疾病模型小鼠的标准化维持方法研究

目的研究人类疾病模型小鼠的可遗传生物学特性,建立品系的标准化维持方法。方法选用FVB TgN、MRL Mpj和SAMP1Ka三个疾病模型小鼠品系作为代表性实验对象,通过测定生长曲线、RAPD同工、酶电泳、行为学试验等方法,找出三个品系相对于各自对照品系的不同特征,并建立了标准化检测指标作为维持方法的依据。结果MRL Mpj的生长曲线相对于对照品系有明显的统计学差异;FVB TgN、MRL Mpj、SAMP1Ka等三个品系的RAPD图谱在阳性引物及扩增出的条带方面均不一致;同工酶电泳的结果表明不同品系的个体之间表型不完全相同;行为学试验更从多方面直观地显示了各品系的不同特征。结论人类疾病模型小鼠除了用常规检测方法外,还应建立各品系在生长曲线、RAPD、同工酶电泳、行为学试验等方面的特殊检测方法,及时检测模型小鼠品系的独特性状并作为保种依据,以避免遗传漂变的发生。

Establishment of Standardized Maintaining Methods for Mouse Models of Human Diseases

Objective To establish standardized maintaining methods for mouse models of human diseases and long term conservation of their genetic characteristics. Methods\ Three strains of mice were selected as experimental objects: FVB/ TgN, MRL/ Mpj and SAMP1/ Ka. Comparing to specific controls, considerable differences were detected in growth curves, RAPD, isoenzyme electrophoresis and behavior tests and thus established a set of detecting methods to provide evidence of maintenance. Result\ The growth curves of MRL/Mpj mice differed statistically from those of controls. The RAPD diagrams of FVB/TgN, MRL/Mpj and SAMP1/Ka mice differed each other in their positive primers and bands and may provide as another item of characteristic indexes. The critical loci of isoenzyme can be indicated by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Moreover, behavior tests revealed in a more direct way multiple aspects of differences of these strains. Conclusion\ The study demonstrated that special measurements such as growth curves, RAPD, isoenzyme electrophoresis and behavior tests are needed in addition to routine examinations to determine specific characteristics of particular mouse strains in time, providing evidence of strain maintenance and avoid occurrence of genetic drift.