利用红外相机对贵州茂兰自然保护区兽类和鸟类资源的初步调查

2016年8月至12月，在贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区布设69台红外相机(1台丢失，3台损坏)，对区内大中型兽类及林下鸟类资源进行连续监测。共记录到11种兽类和16种鸟类，包括1种国家I级重点保护野生动物（白颈长尾雉Syrmaticus ellioti）和4种国家II级重点保护野生动物（斑灵狸Prionodon pardicolor、猕猴Macaca mulatta、白鹇Lophura nycthemera、仙八色鸫Pitta nympha）。其中，相对丰富度最高的兽类为小泡巨鼠（Leopoldamys edwardsi）（RAI=15.22）、红腿长吻松鼠（Dremomys pyrrhomerus）（RAI=9.58）、帚尾豪猪（Atherurus macrourus）（RAI=1.46）、鼬獾（Melogale moschata）（RAI=1.04）、赤腹松鼠（Callosciurus erythraeus）（RAI=0.57）；相对丰富度最高的鸟类为紫啸鸫（Myiophoneus caeruleus）（RAI=3.79），白鹇（RAI=3.25），橙头地鸫（Zoothera citrina）（RAI=0.45），虎斑地鸫（Zoothera dauma）（RAI=0.45）。豹猫（Prionailurus bengalensis）、仙八色鸫、灰头鸫（Turdus rubrocanus）、灰翅鸫（Turdus boulboul）、灰眶雀鹛（Alcippe morrisonia）、绿翅金鸠（Chalcophaps indica）、黄嘴栗啄木鸟（Blythipicus pyrrhotis）为保护区新记录。活动节律分析结果显示，白鹇和紫啸鸫为昼行性动物，帚尾豪猪和鼬獾为夜行性动物，结果与传统方法基本一致。本研究结果有助于监测茂兰保护区中大中型兽类和林下鸟类资源，为保护区有效管理提供数据支持。

Preliminary investigation for mammal and bird resources using infrared camera traps in Maolan National Nature Reserve,Guizhou

From August to December in 2016, we placed 69 infrared cameras  (1 camera was lost and 3 suffered breakdowns during the study period), to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds in Maolan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou. We identified 11 mammal species and 16 bird species, including 1 Class I state key protected animal Syrmaticus ellioti and 4 Class II state key protected animals - Prionodon pardicolor, Macaca mulatta, Lophura nycthemera, and Pitta nympha. Based on the relative abundance index (RAI), Leopoldamys edwardsi (RAI=15.22), Dremomys pyrrhomerus (RAI=9.58), Atherurus macrourus (RAI=1.46), Melogale moschata (RAI=1.04) and Callosciurus erythraeus (RAI=0.57) were ranked as the top five most abundant mammal specices. Myophoneus caeruleus (RAI=3.79), Lophura nycthemera (RAI=3.25), Zoothera citrine (RAI=0.45) and Zoothera dauma (RAI=0.45)were ranked as the top four most common bird species. In addition, Prionailurus bengalensis, Pitta nympha, Turdus rubrocanus, Turdus boulboul, Alcippe morrisonia, Chalcophaps indica and Blythipicus pyrrhotis were new species, recorded in the reserve for the first time. Lophura nycthemera and Myophonus caeruleus were diurnal animals, Atherurus macrourus and Melogale moschata were nocturnal animals; this result was expected. Our results offer valuable data for monitoring the resources of large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds in Maolan reserve, and can offer guidelines for future research and management of China’s important protected areas.