基于GIS的石渠虫草气候生态适宜性区划

根据虫草生物学特性,结合当地农业气候资源时空分布特征与虫草资源调查资料,以海拔、年平均气温、年平均降水量、植被、土壤为主导指标,地形坡度为辅助指标,作为虫草资源适宜性区划的主要依据,应用数理统计分析法、集优法、地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析方法对石渠虫草的气候生态适宜性及空间分布进行分析.结果表明:石渠县大部分乡镇出产虫草,但是分布区破碎分散,呈零星片状和块状,主要分布在石渠县东部、西部的部分乡镇,以及中部扎曲流域两岸部分乡镇;石渠虫草分布的适宜区海拔4000~4700 m,年平均气温-2.5~3℃,年降水量550~850 mm,生长环境一般为疏水性好、坡度15°~50°的高山草甸、亚高山草甸,适宜区生长环境和气象条件有利于取食植物和蝙蝠蛾的生长发育;不适宜区在河流宽谷区、牧区、湿地或雪线以上的高山区.

GIS-based ecological climate suitability regionalization for Cordyceps sinensis in Shiqu County,Sichuan Province,China.

Based on the biological characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis, combined with the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of local agro-climatic resources and the investigation data of C. sinensis resources, we investigated the ecological climate suitability regionalization and the spatial distribution of C. sinensis in Shiqu County using mathematical statistics analysis, optimization method and GIS spatial analysis. We used altitude, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, vegetation, and soil as the leading indicators and topographic gradient as the auxiliary indicators, as the main basis for the suitability zoning of C. sinensis resources. The results showed that C. sinensis grew in most of the townships in Shiqu County, with their distribution areas being fragmented and scattered, showing sporadic patches and blocks. They were mainly distributed in east and west parts of the county and in the Zhaqu River basin in the central part. The suitable distribution area for C. sinensis in Shiqu was 4000-4700 m above sea level, with mean annual temperature of -2.5-3 ℃ and mean annual precipitation of 550-850 mm. The growth environment was generally alpine mea-dow and subalpine meadow with good hydrophobicity and slope of 15°-50°. The suitable growth environment and meteorological conditions were beneficial to the growth and development of feeding plants and bat moths. The unsuitable area was in the high mountain area above the river wide valley area, pastoral area, wetland, or snowline.