杭白芷根中分泌道发生方式、分布及其挥发油积累过程研究

为探明杭白芷(Angelica dahurica var.formosana)根中分泌道发生方式、分布及其挥发油转运积累特征,该研究利用光镜及透射电子显微镜技术观察分泌道发生过程及挥发油转运特征,结合组织化学定位确定挥发油的主要积累部位。结果表明:杭白芷根中分泌道由中柱鞘细胞最先发生,次生结构中分泌道主要分布在韧皮部和皮层中;挥发油的合成不仅与分泌细胞中质体及细胞质有关,而且还与周围细胞关系密切;分泌细胞内高尔基体和内质网丰富,可能先通过形成小泡参与转运,再经由细胞壁向腔道内转移;相邻分泌细胞靠近角隅处的细胞壁分泌活动活跃,腔道内积累大量电子致密物质;成熟分泌道中分泌细胞及其腔道内积累大量油滴,因此挥发油主要积累场所为分泌细胞及其腔道。该研究明确了杭白芷根中分泌道的发生方式、分布及其挥发油积累部位,揭示了分泌道发育过程中挥发油的转运积累特征,为进一步阐明分泌组织生长发育与有效成分积累关系提供了理论依据。

Occurrence, distribution and essential oil accumulation process of secretory canals in root of Angelica dahurica var. formosana

In order to explore the occurrence and distribution of secretory canals and the characteristics of transport and accumulation of essential oil in root of Angelica dahurica var. formosana, the occurrence process and transport characte-ristics of essential oil were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope. And the accumulation sites of the essential oil were also discussed with histochemical analysis. The results were as follows: The secretory canals in the root of A. dahurica var. formosana was first to occur in pericycle, and the secretory canals in the secondary structure were mainly distributed in phloem and cortex; The biosynthesis of essential oil is not only related to plasmid and cytoplasm of secretory cells, but also may be closely related to surrounding cells; There were abundant golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum in secretory cells, which may participate in transport through the formation of vesicles, and then transfer to the lumen through the cell wall; The secretory activity of secretory cells was active near the corner of the adjacent secretory cell wall, then the electron dense material was accumulated into the lumen; At the mature stage of secretory canals, a large of number oil droplets in secretory cells and lumen, so we believe that the main accumulation sites of essential oil are secretory cells and lumen. This study clarified the occurrence, distribution and essential oil accumulation position of the secretory canals in the root of A. dahurica var. formosana, and revealed the characteristics of transport and accumulation of essential oil during the development of the secretory canals. This study provides a detailed theoretical information for further elucidating the relationship between the growth and development of secretory tissue and the accumulation of effective components.