贯叶连翘野生转家化前后生物学性状特征观察

野生贯叶连翘 (HypericumperforatumL .)在江苏经过了 3a的引种栽培 ,其生物学特性检测结果表明 ,栽培贯叶连翘的生物量、开花的一致性和生长的适应性等明显优于野生贯叶连翘 ;良好的繁殖方式使贯叶连翘的收获期提前了 1a ;成熟后 3个月采收的种子萌发率较高 ,不同浓度赤霉素处理能明显提高其种子的萌发率 ;贯叶连翘的黑色腺体即分泌细胞球数量与金丝桃素间也基本存在着正相关关系 ,贵州贵阳居群和陕西丹凤居群黑色腺体明显多于其他居群 ,其金丝桃素含量在所有居群中为最高 ,而甘肃武都居群黑色腺体最少 ,其金丝桃素含量在 6个居群中最低。 6个野生居群栽培后生物量相近 ,在 4个不同土壤pH的基地大田中均能良好生长 ,说明江苏地区环境条件完全适合贯叶连翘引种栽培。

The biological characteristics and property of wild and cultivated plants of Hypericum perforatum L

Wild Hypericum perforatum L. was introduced and cultivated in Jiangsu Province for three years. The observation results of biological characteristics showed that cultivated H. perforatum excelled obviously wild one in biomass, consistency in flower and growth adaptability. The germination rate of seeds in three months after mature was higher than that of just mature seeds. The germination rate of seeds was obviously increased by GA treatments. The number of black glands (secrete cyto-balls) in leaves was the direct interrelation with the content of hypericin. The hypericin content was the highest and black gland number in leaves was more in Guizhou and Shaanxi populations than in others while a lowest content of hypericin and a least number of black gland were in Gansu population. The biomasses of cultivated H. perforatum introduced from six wild populations were similar and grew well on different pH soil. So H. perforatum was very suitable for cultivation in Jiangsu Province.