Enhanced<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> chondrogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells |
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Authors: | Yu-Shik Hwang Anne E Bishop Julia M Polak Athanasios Mantalaris |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, UK;(2) Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, SW10 9NH London, UK |
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Abstract: | Current approaches have focused on deriving ESCs differentiation into chondrocytes from a cell source of spontaneously formed
intact mesoderm in EB formation, resulting in limited yield. Our study aimed at upregulating chondrogenic differentiation
of murine ESCs by enhancing mesoderm formation. Specifically, culture of mESCs with conditioned medium from a human hepatocarcinoma
cell line resulted in a cell population with a gene expression pattern similar to that of primitive streak/nascent mesoderm,
including up-regulation of brachyury, goosecoid, nodal, and cripto. From this cell population, reducing the embryoid body
formation time resulted in enhancement of chondrogenic differentiation as evidenced by larger Alcian blue-stained cartilage
nodules, higher production of sulfated glycosaminoglycan matrix, the presence of well-organised type II collagen and type
II collagen, aggrecan and sox-9 gene expression. In conclusion, we present here a new approach to the generation of chondrocytes
from mESCs that enhances yields and, thus, could have widespread applications in cartilage tissue engineering. |
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Keywords: | murine embryonic stem cells HepG2-conditioned medium primitive streak/nascent mesoderm embryoid body chondrogenic differentiation cartilage nodule |
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