The effects of interferon-γ on the central nervous system |
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Authors: | Brian Popko Joshua G Corbin Kristine D Baerwald Jeffrey Dupree Annie M Garcia |
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Institution: | (1) Curriculum in Neurobiology UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, 27599-7250 Chapel Hill, NC;(2) Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, 27599-7250 Chapel Hill, NC;(3) Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, 27599-7250 Chapel Hill, NC |
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Abstract: | Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a pleotropic cytokine released by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Normally, these cells
do not traverse the blood-brain barrier at appreciable levels and, as such, IFN-γ is generally undetectable within the central
nervous system (CNS). Nevertheless, in response to CNS infections, as well as during certain disorders in which the CNS is
affected, T-cell traffic across the blood-brain barrier increases considerably, thereby exposing neuronal and glial cells
to the potent effects of IFN-γ. A large portion of this article is devoted to the substantial circumstantial and experimental
evidence that suggests that IFN-γ plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the demyelinating disorder multiple sclerosis
(MS) and its animal model experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Moreover, the biochemical and physiological effects
of IFN-γ are discussed in the context of the potential consequences of such activities on the developing and mature nervous
systems. |
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Keywords: | Cytokines demyelination neural development |
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