Thermococcus siculi sp. nov., a novel hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent at the Mid-Okinawa Trough |
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Authors: | Ralf Grote Lina Li J Tamaoka Chiaki Kato Koki Horikoshi G Antranikian |
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Institution: | (1) Technical University Hamburg-Harburg, Biotechnology I, Technical Microbiology, Denickestrasse 15, D-21071 Hamburg, Germany Tel. +49-40-7718 3117; Fax +49-40-7718 2909 e-mail: antranikian@tu-harburg.de, DE;(2) Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, The DEEPSTAR Group, Yokosuka, Japan, JP |
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Abstract: | A novel coccoid-shaped, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeon, strain RG-20, was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent
fluid sample taken at 1394-m depth at the Mid-Okinawa Trough (27°32.7′N, 126°58.5′E). Cells of this isolate occur singly or
in pairs and are about 0.8 to 2 μm in diameter. Growth was observed at temperatures between 50° and 93°C, with an optimum
at 85°C. The pH range for growth is 5.0–9.0, with an optimum around 7.0. Strain RG-20 requires 1%–4% of NaCl for growth, and
cell lysis occurs at concentrations below 1%. The newly isolated strain grows preferentially in the presence of elemental
sulfur on proteinaceous substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, or tryptone, and no growth was observed on carbohydrates,
carboxylic acids, alcohols, or lipids. This microorganism is resistant to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and kanamycin
at concentrations up to 150 μg/ml, but is susceptible to rifampicin. Analysis of the hydrolyzed core lipids by thin-layer
chromatography (TLC) revealed the presence of archaeol and caldarchaeol. The mol% G+C content of the DNA is 55.8. Partial
sequencing of the 16S rDNA indicates that strain RG-20 belongs to the genus Thermococcus. Considering these data and on the basis of the results from DNA-DNA hybridization studies, we propose that this strain should
be classified as a new species named Thermococcus siculi (si′cu.li. L. gen. n. siculi, of the deep-sea siculum, deep-sea in literature of Ovid], referring to the location of the sample site, a deep-sea hydrothermal vent). The type strain
is isolate RG-20 (DSM No. 12349).
Received: May 11, 1998 / Accepted: July 24, 1998 |
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Keywords: | Archaea Hyperthermophiles Deep-sea Hydrothermal vent Thermococcus |
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