Crucial importance of length of fatty-acyl chains bound to the sn-2 position of phosphatidylglycerol for growth and photosynthesis of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;2. Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;3. Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women''s University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan;1. Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;2. Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;3. Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;1. National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR GKVK Campus, Bellary Road Bangalore 560065 India;2. Faculty of Biosciences, Dept of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, WC1E 6JJ, London;1. Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;2. Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;3. Alzheimer''s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;4. Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;5. Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;6. Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;1. LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;2. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China |
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| Abstract: | Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in thylakoid membrane is essential for growth and photosynthesis of photosynthetic organisms. Although the sn-2 position of PG in thylakoid membrane is exclusively esterified with C16 fatty acids, the functional importance of the C16 fatty-acyl chains at the sn-2 position has not been clarified. In this study, we chemically synthesized non-metabolizable PG molecules: we introduced linoleic acid (18:2, fatty acid containing 18 carbons with 2 double bonds) and one of the saturated fatty acids with different chain length (12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 18:0 and 20:0) by ether linkage to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively. With the synthesized ether-linked PG molecules, we checked whether they could complement the growth and photosynthesis of pgsA mutant cells of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to understand the importance of length of fatty chains at the sn-2 position of PG. The pgsA mutant is incapable of synthesizing PG, so it requires exogenous PG added to medium for growth. The growth rate and photosynthetic activity of mutant cells depended on the length of fatty chains: the PG molecular species binding 16:0 most effectively complemented the growth and photosynthesis of mutant cells, and other PG molecular species with fatty chains shorter or longer than 16:0 were less effective; especially, those binding 12:0 inhibited the growth and photosynthetic activity of the mutant cells. These data demonstrate that length of fatty chains bound to the sn-2 position of PG is critical for PG performance in growth and photosynthesis. |
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