Vascular and lymphatic regulation of gastrointestinal function and disease risk |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;2. Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;3. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China;2. Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China;3. College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China;1. Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan;2. Laboratory of Marine Life Science and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan;1. Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;2. Institute of Atherosclerosis in Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China;1. Blue California, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688, USA;2. University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45215, USA;3. Children''s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children''s Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA |
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| Abstract: | The vascular and lymphatic systems in the gut regulate lipid transport while restricting transfer of commensal gut microbiota and directing immune cell trafficking. Increased permeability of the endothelial systems in the intestine associates with passage of antigens and microbiota from the gut into the bloodstream leading to tissue inflammation, the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and ultimately to abnormalities of systemic metabolism. Recent studies show that lipid metabolism maintains homeostasis and function of intestinal blood and lymphatic endothelial cells, BECs and LECs, respectively. This review highlights recent progress in this area, and information related to the contribution of the lipid transporter CD36, abundant in BECs and LECs, to gastrointestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, and to gut regulation of whole body metabolism. The potential role of endothelial lipid delivery in epithelial tissue renewal after injury and consequently in the risk of gastric and intestinal diseases is also discussed. |
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