取食雄蜂蛹粉对龟纹瓢虫和异色瓢虫卵黄发生的影响

本文比较了龟纹瓢虫Proylea japonica和异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis取食蚜虫和取食雄蜂蛹粉时的卵黄发生情况。当取食雄蜂蛹粉时,体内卵黄蛋白出现迟,积累速度慢,产卵前期长。但用保幼激素类似物ZR512点滴处理后则能达到与食蚜对照相当的水平。ZR512对取食雄蜂蛹粉瓢虫的作用显著大于取食岈虫者。进一步的研究表明,ZR512能促进这两种瓢虫取食雄蜂蛹粉,但对成虫的体重没有明显的影响。因此推论,雄蜂蛹粉基本能够满足这两种瓢虫生殖的营养需要,但对其内分泌有一定的影响,使瓢虫处于类似生殖滞育的状态。本文根据不同食物条件对卵黄蛋白发生的影响不同,建议用卵黄蛋白的量作为生理指标,以快速初步筛选和评估人工饲料。

EFFECT OF FEEDING ARTIFICIAL DIET ON VITELLOGENESIS OF PROPYLEA JAPONICA AND HARMON/A AXYRIDIS

Vitellogenesis of Propylea japonica and Harmania axyridis was investigated when the lady beetles were reared under different nutritional conditions. The results showed that when the beetles were fed with an artificial diet composed of dried drone powder of Apis mellifera vitellogenesis was retarded in both cases when compared with those feeding on aphids. However, vitellogenesis could become normal when the beetles were topically treated with the juvenile hormone analogue ZR 512. The promotive effect of ZR 512 on vitellogenesis of these rwo beetles fed with drone powder was even greater than that on those fed with aphids because in the former case fond intakes of the beetles were enhanced. It seemed that the drone powder could meet the nuritional requirements for reproduction of the beetles, but the insufficient food intake impaired endocrine secretion and the beetles were in a physiological state comparable to reproductive diapause. It is suggested that vitellogeuin biosynthesis can be used as a criterion to evaluate the fitness of an artificial diet to promote reproduction in these beetles.