以nit为遗传标记研究禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性在菌丝融合过程中的遗传

分别从对氰烯菌酯敏感和抗性禾谷镰刀菌菌株中诱导了22个和50个nit突变体。通过比较它们的生物学特性表明,nit突变体在菌丝生长速率、培养形状以及致病性方面与其亲本没有显著差异,但是无性繁殖和有性繁殖能力有所改变。同时实验还表明,禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯和氯酸盐不存在交互抗性,且对氰烯菌酯和氯酸盐的双重抗性能够稳定地遗传。因此,可以将nit作为一个优良的遗传标记研究禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性遗传。另外成功运用nit作为分子标记研究了禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性在菌丝融合过程中的遗传和变异。研究结果表明,抗药性基因不能通过菌丝融合传递给另一个菌株或发生的概率极低,这将不利于对氰烯菌酯的抗性群体的发展。因此,菌丝融合在禾谷镰孢菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性群体发展中的作用较小。

Genetic Study on JS399-19 Resistance in Hyphal Fusion of Fusarium graminearum by Using Nitrate Nonutilizing Mutants as Genetic Markers

Twenty-two nitrate nonutilizing(nit) mutants were recovered from five wild-type isolates of Fusarium graminearum and fifty nit mutants were recovered from three JS399-19-resistant mutants of F. graminearum cultured on MMC medium. Some bio-logical properties were compared between nit mutants and their parental isolates. The results showed that there were no significant differences in growth rate,cultural characters or pathogenicity between JS399-19-resistant nit mutants and their parental isolates. But the conidial production and the sexual reproduction ability changed to some extent. There was no cross resistance toward chlo-rate and JS399-19 in F. graminearum and the resistance could be stable through 20-time subcultures. Therefore,the nit could be used as a genetic marker for studying the genetics of JS399-19 resistance in F. graminearum,which was used to study JS399-19 resistance transferability in hyphal fusion. Resistance in JS399-19 could not be transferred by hyphal fusion or could be transferred with low chance between two compatible isolates,which would delay the development of JS399-19 resistance in the field.